Starting a business in the United States as a foreigner is now more accessible than ever, thanks to the LLC structure. However, one major hurdle that non-U.S. residents often face is obtaining an Employer Identification Number (EIN) without having a Social Security Number (SSN). In this article, we’ll walk you through the process step-by-step.
What is an EIN and Why Do You Need It?
An EIN (Employer Identification Number), also known as a Federal Tax Identification Number, is issued by the IRS and is used to:
- Open a business bank account
- File federal and state taxes
- Hire employees
- Apply for business licenses and permits
Even if you don’t plan to hire employees, an EIN is essential for your LLC to operate legally in the U.S.
Can You Get an EIN Without an SSN?
Yes, you can get an EIN without an SSN. The IRS allows foreign nationals to apply for an EIN using Form SS-4. You don’t need a U.S. address or SSN, but the process is slightly different from that for U.S. residents.
Step-by-Step Guide to Apply for an EIN Without an SSN
1. Fill Out IRS Form SS-4
Download the SS-4 Form from the official IRS website. Fill it out with the following key points:
- Line 1: Legal name of your LLC
- Line 7a and 7b: Name and title of the responsible party (you) – leave SSN/ITIN blank
- Line 9a: Check “LLC”
- Line 10: Reason for applying (“Started a new business”)
2. Include a Letter Explaining Lack of SSN
Attach a brief letter to your application explaining that you are a non-U.S. resident and do not have an SSN or ITIN.
3. Submit the Application to the IRS
You can submit the completed SS-4 form by fax or mail:
- Fax: +1-855-641-6935 (within the U.S.) or +1-304-707-9471 (outside the U.S.)
- Mail: Internal Revenue Service Attn: EIN Operation Cincinnati, OH 45999 USA
4. Wait for Your EIN
It usually takes:
- 4-6 weeks by fax
- 6-8 weeks by mail
Unfortunately, online applications require an SSN or ITIN, so they’re not an option for foreign applicants.
Tips to Ensure Smooth Processing
- Use a reliable U.S. mailing address (can be a registered agent or virtual mailbox)
- Double-check all entries on the SS-4 form
- Write legibly or type your application
External Resources
By following the steps above, you can obtain an EIN for your LLC without a Social Security Number. This opens the door to managing your U.S.-based business effectively and legally, even from abroad.
Want more tips? Check our guide on how to open a U.S. business bank account as a non-resident and best states to form your LLC!